What is asbestos?

Asbestos consists of a group of six different naturally occurring fibrous minerals1: Chrysotile, Crocidolite, Amosite, Anthophyllite, Tremolite, Actinolite. Chrysotile and amosite are the most common. Asbestos is known for its strength and heat resistance, which is why it became a favorite product in so many housing materials. It made great insulation because of its heat resistance, and due to its strength was added to asphalt, concrete, joint compounds and adhesives, and various vinyl materials.

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Where is asbestos most commonly found?

Asbestos has been described as a “lurker,” as it often remains hidden. It was frequently used in homes and buildings constructed in the 1940s through 1970s. Of the homes built during this time, asbestos was used in an extensive list of housing materials, including:

• basement boilers and pipes
• HVAC duct insulation
• plaster
• vinyl tile floors
• caulking
• ceiling tiles
• roof shingles
• blown-in attic insulation

Is asbestos a hazard?

The presence of asbestos is not dangerous. If it is left alone — and not released into the air — asbestos-containing materials will not likely pose any health risks. Even if you have ceiling or floor tiles with asbestos, they won’t release fibers unless they are disturbed or damaged. Asbestos becomes dangerous when it is “friable,” meaning it can easily crumble and release fibers into the air. For example, if your attic is older or in poor condition and you need to work in or repair it, it could potentially start releasing asbestos fibers that are dangerous to inhale.

What are the health risks of asbestos?

Frequent or long-term exposure to asbestos — whether occupationally, environmentally, or from secondhand exposure — can lead to severe health complications, often in the lungs. When asbestos-containing materials and fibers are in the air, you may inhale or swallow them, and your body has trouble eliminating them. These fibers can become trapped in the lung lining, the abdominal cavity lining, or the heart. When asbestos fibers remain trapped in your body, they can cause inflammation and damage that can potentially lead to cancer, namely asbestosis, lung cancer, or mesothelioma.

"Asbestos Risk Management in Natural Disasters: Asbestos, once common in construction, poses a risk during natural disasters like wildfires, hurricanes, floods, and tornadoes. When these events damage asbestos-containing materials, toxic fibers are released into the air, leading to long-term health issues. First responders, cleanup crews, and residents are all at risk."

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Common Asbestos Products:

Roofing materials, insulation, adhesives, flooring, and paints may contain asbestos.

Prevention Strategies:

• Wet asbestos-containing debris to minimize fiber release.
• Use NIOSH-approved N-100 or P-100 respirators for protection.
• Wear protective gear and double-bag debris during cleanup.
• Dispose of contaminated clothing properly.

Emergency Planning:

• Develop an emergency plan for natural disasters, considering asbestos risks.
• Communicate with family members, neighbors, and healthcare providers.

Wildfires:

Asbestos in older structures becomes airborne during wildfires. Use N-100 or P-100 respirators and wet debris during cleanup.

Key Takeaways:

• Be prepared with protective equipment in case of natural disasters.
• If unsure, avoid disturbing potentially asbestos-containing materials.
• Seek professional assistance for safe removal and disposal of asbestos materials.